GRAVIES

Brand Owner (click to sort) Address Description
ADVANCE FOOD COMPANY ADVANCE FOOD COMPANY, INC. 201 S. RALEIGH ROAD ENID OK 73701 gravies, sauces, spices and bakery products;chili, chicken, beef, pork, turkey, lamb and veal;FOOD COMPANY;
ADVANCE FOOD COMPANY ADVANCE FOOD COMPANY, INC. 201 S. RALEIGH ROAD ENID OK 73701 gravies, sauces, spices and bakery products;chili, chicken, beef, pork, turkey, lamb and veal;FOOD COMPANY;
BEATRIM KERRY GROUP PLC Prince's Street Tralee, County Kerry Ireland [ gravies, non-fat milk solids and vegetable dough stabilizers, flavoring agents for incorporation into food stuffs (non-essential oils), sauces (except salad dressing and dips), cakes, biscuits and frostings ];[ chowders, clam chowders, soups, salad dressings, cheese powders, powdered vegetable shortening containing hydrogenated vegetable oil, enzyme modified milk powder, and powdered ingredients for making whipped food toppings ];BEAT TRIM;chemical preparations; namely, [ preserving agents, stabilizers ], emulsifiers, [ aerating bases and creaming agents for use in the manufacture of food ];
BEBE'S ALL NATURAL BRING INDIA HOME Ma Ka Khana 265 West First Street Edison NJ 08820 Gravies; Gravy; Gravy mixes; Sauce mixes; Sauces; Sauces for barbecued meat; Barbecue sauce; Barbecue sauce; Chicken wing sauce; Chili sauce; Condiment, namely, pepper sauce; Cooking sauces;Curry sauce; Dipping sauces; Dry seasoning mixes for sauce, gravy, curry; Fish sauce; Fruit sauces; Garlic-based sauces; Grilling sauces; Honey mustard sauce; Hot sauce; Hot chili pepper sauce; Meat gravies; Ready-made sauces; Salad sauces; Salsa sauces; Savory sauces used as condiments; Tomato sauce; Tomato-based sauces;The mark consists of a red circular design with a green check- mark outlined in black and white. The check mark is superimposed over a grouping of whole vegetables featuring a red tomato, beige onion, brown and white garlic, green pepper, yellow pepper, and yellow corn on the cob with a green husk against a white background. The wording Bebe's All Natural appears in red at the top of the mark in a downward curved semi- circular configeration. The wording BRING INDIA HOME appears as the bottom of the mark in red upper case font.;The color(s) red, green, orange, yellow, white, tan, brown and black is/are claimed as a feature of the mark.;ALL NATURAL;
BISTRO GRAVIES VIENNA SAUSAGE MANUFACTURING COMPANY 2501 North Damen Avenue Chicago IL 60647 gravies;GRAVIES;
CLASSIC TRADITIONS Carl, Robert C. 1360 Jamike Drive Erlanger KY 410180310 gravies, meat glazes, flavorings, spices, seasonings, mustard, custard based pie fillings, and chocolate and caramel sauces;fruit based pie fillings and nut toppings;
CORDON BLEU CORDON BLEU INTERNATIONAL LTD. 8383 J.-Rene Ouimet Anjou, Quebec H1J 2P8 Canada GRAVIES; CANNED SPAGHETTI AND MACARONI; SUGAR; COFFEE AND TEA; BREAD; ICE CREAM; CAKE MIXES; PUDDINGS; ICINGS; YEAST AND BAKING SODA; VINEGAR; BISCUITS AND CRACKERS; PROCESSED CEREALS; PASTA OF ALL KINDS; HONEY AND MOLASSES; MAPLE ESSENCES FOR FOODS; SPICES; TABLE SYRUPS; DESSERTS; NAMELY, CAKE MIXES AND PUDDINGS; CHOCOLATE SYRUP; AND POPPED POPCORN;MEAT, POULTRY AND FISH OF ALL KINDS; SAUCES; PRESERVED FRUITS; PICKLES; JAMS; CHEESES; VEGETABLE PASTES; MEAT EXTRACTS; PICKLED EGGS; SHORTENING; MARGARINE; VEGETABLES IN CANS OR OTHER CONTAINERS; POWDERED AND CONDENSED MILK; MIX FOR MAKING A CHOCOLATE FOOD BEVERAGE; VEGETABLE JUICES USED FOR COOKING; AND SANDWICH SPREADS IN THE NATURE OF PATES, FRUIT PIE FILLINGS;BABY FOODS; NAMELY, STRAINED AND/OR PUREED MEAT, VEGETABLES, AND FRUITS IN CANS, JARS OR OTHER CONTAINERS;LAUNDRY SOAP; LAUNDRY DETERGENTS; AND FLOOR WAXES;
CULINARY COLLECTION Diversified Foods and Seasonings, Inc. 1012 Harimaw Court-East Metairie LA 70001 gravies, sauces, marinades, and dry mixes therefor; blended spices; bread batters; breading;COLLECTION;
CULINARY CREATIONS New Orleans Spice Company, Inc. 1012 Harimaw Court-East Metairie LA 70001 gravies, sauces, marinades, and dry mixes therefor; blended spices; bread batters; breading;
DIVERSIFIED FOODS & SEASONINGS, INC. Diversified Foods & Seasonings, Inc. 1001 Harimaw Ct E Metairie LA 70001 gravies, sauces, marinades, blended spices, batters for baking and breading;diversified food & seasonings incorporation;FOODS & SEASONINGS, INC.;
EL POPULAR V. F. GARZA & SONS, INC. 910 E. Chicago Ave. East Chicago IN 463120328 Gravies; pasta and spices; fidiliui, namely, pasta, seasonings in the nature of chile pods; sugar products, namely, brown sugar; hominy;Sausage and cheese; dairy products, namely milk; can food items, namely, pinto beans, refried beans, black beans and garbanzos;The English translation of the words EL POPULAR is The Popular One.;
EL POPULAR TEAIP 910 EAST CHICAGO AVENUE EAST CHICAGO IN 46312 GRAVIES; [ PASTA AND ] SPICES; SEASONINGS IN THE NATURE OF CHILI PODS; HOMINY; TORTILLAS;SAUSAGE [ AND CHEESE; DAIRY PRODUCTS, namely, MILK; ] CAN FOOD ITEMS, namely, [ PINTO BEANS, ] REFRIED BEANS, BLACK BEANS AND GARBANZOS;The English translation of EL POPULAR in the mark is THE POPULAR ONE.;
EL POPULAR TEAIP 910 EAST CHICAGO AVENUE EAST CHICAGO IN 46312 Gravies; pasta and spices; seasonings in the nature of chili pods; hominy; tortillas;The mark consists of the elements EL POPULAR in block letter font within a stylized banner.;Sausage and cheese; Dairy products, namely, milk; can food items, namely, pinto beans, refried beans, black beans and garbanzos;Color is not claimed as a feature of the mark.;The English translation of EL POPULAR in the mark is THE POPULAR ONE.;
FRANCO-AMERICAN CSC Brands LP One Campbell Place Camden NJ 08103 Gravies;
FRONTIER Frontier Distribution P.O. Box 299 Norway IA 52318 gravies, food flavorings and seasonings, namely, spices and spice blends, extracts used as flavoring, natural food flavorings, vanilla beans, vegetable glycerin; baking products, namely, tapioca and baking powder, thickening agents used in cooking; natural food flavorings, namely, cheese powder, herbal teas; [ and concentrates; ] syrups and powders used in the preparation of soft drinks;In the statement, Column 1, lines 5-8, Class 003 is deleted. In the statement, Column 1, lines 13-14, MEDICATED SKIN LOTIONS CONTAINING HERBS is deleted. In the statement, Column 1, lines 21-22, PROCESSED EDIBLE SPROUTING SEEDS is deleted. In the statement, Column 2, line 12, AND CONCENTRATES is deleted.;food products, namely, dried fruits and vegetables, [ processed edible sprouting seeds, ] [ sea weeds, ] soups and broths;herb teas for medicinal purposes, herbal supplements; [ medicated skin lotions containing herbs; ] vitamins containing vitamin C and other vitamins;[ natural, essential and vegetable oils used in the manufacture of fragrances and aromatics and for cosmetics; potpourri ];
GENUINE GI SOS SOLDIERS OR SAILORS BREAKFAST Holloman, Seth 4002 Threechopt Rd Hampton VA 23666 Gravies;SOS AND BREAKFAST;
HOORAY FOR HEALTHY Hooray Puree, Inc. 1550 N. Northwest Highway, Suite 203 Park Ridge IL 60068 Gravies; Pasta sauce; Pimiento used as a condiment; Prepared pasta; Salad dressings; Sauces; Savory sauces used as condiments; Sloppy Joe Sauce; Tacos; Prepared, frozen and packaged entrees consisting primarily of pasta or rice; Prepared, frozen and packaged meals consisting primarily of pasta or rice;Chili; Soups; Prepared, frozen and packaged entrees consisting primarily of meat, fish, poultry or vegetables; Prepared, frozen and packaged meals consisting primarily of meat, fish, poultry or vegetables; Prepared, frozen and packaged vegetable-based entrees;
LEGOUT KELLOGG COMPANY One Kellogg Square Battle Creek MI 49016 GRAVIES, RELISHES, SAUCES (EXCLUDING APPLESAUCE AND CRANBERRY SAUCE) AND PANCAKE BATTER;SOUPS, SOUP BASES, SOUP CONCENTRATE, SOUP STOCK; AND PREPARED ENTREES CONSISTING OF MEAT, POULTRY OR FISH;FRUIT JUICES AND CONCENTRATES FOR MAKING FRUIT JUICE DRINKS;THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THE WORDS LE GOUT IN THE MARK IS THE TASTE.;
LEGOÛT CONOPCO, INC. 700 Sylvan Avenue Englewood Cliffs NJ 07632 Gravies; sauces; instant sauces; instant puddings; chocolate-based pie fillings; custard-based pie fillings; instant chocolate and dessert mousse mixes; prepared entrees consisting primarily of pasta or rice;The mark consists of the wording LEGOÛT in blue. An irregular horizontal line in red appears above the wording, and an irregular horizontal line in blue appears below the wording.;Soups; soup bases, namely, mixes for making soup, soup pastes; soup concentrate; soup stock; prepared entrees consisting primarily of meat, fish, poultry or vegetables; fruit-based pie fillings; instant fish, chicken, meat and vegetable mousse mixes;The color(s) red and blue is/are claimed as a feature of the mark.;The English translation of LEGÔT in the mark is THE TASTE.;
LEGOÛT CONOPCO, INC. 700 Sylvan Avenue Englewood Cliffs NJ 07632 Gravies; sauces; instant sauces; instant puddings; [ chocolate-based pie fillings; ] custard-based pie fillings; [ instant chocolate and dessert mousse mixes; prepared entrees consisting primarily of pasta or rice ];Soups; soup bases, namely, mixes for making soup, soup pastes; soup concentrate; soup stock; prepared entrees consisting primarily of meat, fish, poultry or vegetables; fruit-based pie fillings; instant fish, chicken, meat and vegetable mousse mixes;The English translation of LEGOÛT in the mark is THE TASTE.;
LEGOUT...THE TASTE FOR SUCCESS! KELLOGG COMPANY One Kellogg Square Battle Creek MI 49016 GRAVIES, SAUCES (EXCLUDING APPLESAUCE AND CRANBERRY SAUCE) AND PANCAKE BATTER;SOUPS, SOUP BASES, SOUP CONCENTRATE, SOUP STOCK; AND PREPARED ENTREES CONSISTING OF MEAT, POULTRY OR FISH;THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THE WORDS LE GOUT IN THE MARK IS THE TASTE.;
LEGOUT/NOW KELLOGG COMPANY One Kellogg Square Battle Creek MI 49016 GRAVIES; SAUCES (EXCLUDING APPLESAUCE AND CRANBERRY SAUCE); AND PANCAKE BATTER;SOUPS, SOUP BASES, SOUP CONCENTRATE; SOUP STOCK; AND PREPARED ENTREES CONSISTING OF MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH, NAMELY STEW, STROGANOFF, HASH, CHILI, AND BEEF GOULASH;AS TO LE GOUT;THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THE WORD LE GOUT IN THE MARK IS THE TASTE.;
LEGOUT/NOW KELLOGG COMPANY One Kellogg Square Battle Creek MI 49016 GRAVIES; SAUCES (EXCLUDING APPLESAUCE AND CRANBERRY SAUCE); AND PANCAKE BATTER;SOUPS; SOUP BASES; SOUP CONCENTRATE; SOUP STOCK; AND PREPARED ENTREES CONSISTING OF MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH - NAMELY STEW, STROGANOFF, HASH, CHILI, AND BEEF GOULASH;THE PORTRAIT IN THE MARK DOES NOT DEPICT A LIVING INDIVIDUAL.;AS TO LE GOUT;THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THE WORDS LE GOUT IN THE MARK IS THE TASTE.;
LIBBY'S LIBBY'S BRAND HOLDING LIMITED Road Town Tortola Br.Virgin Islands [ Gravies ];Hash, meats and prepared meat products, canned meats, meat-based spreads, [ canned fish, ] canned fruits and vegetables, pie filling of a fruit or vegetable type, and chili;[ Vegetable juices, ] fruit juices, fruit nectars, and fruit drinks;
OPORTO OPORTO HOLDINGS PTY LTD 1 Whipple Street Balcatta, WA 6021 Australia Gravies; condiments, namely ketchup, relish; sauces, namely chili sauce, hot sauce, piquante sauce, tomato sauce, barbeque sauce, lemon and herb sauce; fruit jellies;Meat; fish; meat extracts; beef burgers, namely hamburgers; poultry, namely uncooked, marinated, prepared for cooking, cooked and other poultry; poultry, namely prepared chicken, chicken burgers, chicken schnitzel and chicken schnitzel burgers, chili chicken; poultry and vegetables, namely pre-packaged dinners consisting of chicken with potatoes, namely French-fried potatoes and chicken, vegetables and salads with dressing; sausages; fruit salads; vegetable salads; jellies, namely meat jellies and flavored jellies; cooked, dried and preserved vegetables; cooked, dried and preserved vegetables prepared with sauces and dressings; condiments, namely pepper oil and marinated and processed onions;Restaurant services, namely restaurants, cafes and snack bars featuring dine-in and take-out services, home delivery and self-service;
OPORTO OPORTO HOLDINGS PTY LTD 1 Whipple Street Balcatta, WA 6021 Australia Gravies; condiments, namely, ketchup, relish; sauces, namely, chili sauce, hot sauce, picante sauce, tomato sauce, barbeque sauce, lemon and herb sauce; fruit jelly candy;The mark consists of the word OPORTO with the letter O between the letters P and R in the shape of a thicker circle with sun rays.;Meat; fish; meat extracts; beef burgers, namely, hamburgers; uncooked, and marinated prepared for cooking; cooked poultry; poultry; prepared chicken, chicken burgers, chicken schnitzel, chicken schnitzel burgers, and chicken chili; pre-packaged dinners consisting primarily of chicken with french-fried potatoes vegetables and salads with dressing; sausages; fruit salads; vegetable salads; jellies, namely, meat jellies and flavored jellies; cooked, dried and preserved vegetables; cooked, dried and preserved vegetables prepared with sauces and dressings; condiments, namely, pepper oil and marinated and processed onions; fruit jellies;Color is not claimed as a feature of the mark.;Restaurant services, namely, restaurants, cafes and snack bars featuring dine-in and take-out services, home delivery and self-service;The stippling is for shading purposes only.;
OPORTO OPORTO HOLDINGS PTY LTD 1 Whipple Street Balcatta, WA 6021 Australia Gravies; hamburger sandwiches, chicken burger sandwiches, chicken schnitzel burger sandwiches;The mark consists of the word OPORTO with the letter O between the letters P and R in the shape of a thicker circle with sun rays.;Prepared meat and fish, meat extracts; cooked poultry; poultry; prepared chicken, chicken schnitzel, and prepared chili with chicken; pre-packaged dinners consisting primarily of chicken with french-fried potatoes vegetables and salads with dressing; sausages; fruit salads; vegetable salads; jellies, namely, meat jellies and flavored jellies; cooked, dried and preserved vegetables; cooked, dried and preserved vegetables prepared with sauces and dressings; fruit jellies;Color is not claimed as a feature of the mark.;Restaurant services, namely, restaurants, cafes and snack bars featuring dine-in and take-out services, home delivery and self-service;
PEPPERIDGE FARM PF BRANDS, INC. 3936 E Desert Cove Ave, 1st Fl. Phoenix AZ 85028 gravies;
PEPPERIDGE FARM PF BRANDS, INC. 3936 E Desert Cove Ave, 1st Fl. Phoenix AZ 85028 gravies;
PRO CUISINE Image Brands, Inc. 6444 Nancy Ridge Drive San Diego CA 921212248 Gravies; Ready-made sauces;PROFESSIONAL CUISINE;
RAGIN' CAJUN FIXIN'S ACADIAN KITCHENS 1563SHERMAN AVENUE SUITE 200 EVANSTON IL 60201 Gravies; Gravy; Jambalaya, namely, a spicy Creole rice dish with a mixture of fish and meat such as shrimp, chicken, ham and spicy sausage; Packaged meal mixes consisting primarily of pasta or rice; Pickle relish; Relish; Rice, seasonings, and flavorings combined in unitary packages; Seasoning mixes; Seasoning mixes for soups; Spice blends; Spice mixes; Spices;Dried beans; Gumbo; Pickled peppers; Processed beans; Soups; Spicy pickles;FIXINGS;
RAGIN' CAJUN FIXIN'S Southern Seasonings 206 Burgess Drive Broussard LA 70518 Gravies; Gravy; Jambalaya, namely, a spicy Creole rice dish with a mixture of fish and meat such as shrimp, chicken, ham and spicy sausage; Packaged meal mixes consisting primarily of pasta or rice; Pickle relish; Relish; Rice, seasonings, and flavorings combined in unitary packages; Seasoning mixes; Seasoning mixes for soups; Spice blends; Spice mixes; Spices;Dried beans; Gumbo; Pickled peppers; Processed beans; Soups; Spicy pickles;FIXINGS;
RECIPE SECRETS LIPTON INVESTMENTS, INC. 501 Silverside Road Wilmington DE 19809 gravies;
REDDING RIDGE FARMS CHESEBROUGH-POND'S INC. Greenwich CT Gravies;Soups and Salad Dressings;
REINHART HARVEST PRIDE Reinhart Institutional Foods, Inc. P.O. Box 2859 La Crosse WI 54602 gravies; catsup and mustard; spices; barbecue, soy, tartar, tomato, teriyaki and worcestershire sauces; vinegar; cocoa mix; coffee and tea; pasta; chocolate, caramel and butterscotch toppings; table syrup; puddings; and sugar;vegetable and salad oils and shortening; salad dressing and mayonnaise; canned, dried and jellied fruit; canned, dried and frozen vegetables; soup; processed meats; namely, frozen beef dinners, taco meat, hash, chile, barbecue beef, sausage, and bacon; cheese food; peanut butter; fruit toppings; fruit based pie fillings; processed nuts and olives; pickles; canned tuna fish; and nondairy creamer;all purpose disinfectants and insecticides for domestic use;all purpose metal polish; regular and heavy duty all purpose cleaning preparations; regular and heavy duty dish and pot cleaning preparations; regular and heavy duty glass preparations; regular and heavy duty floor cleaning preparations; regular and heavy duty lime solvents; regular and heavy duty degreasing preparations; liquid hand soap; drain opener; furniture and floor polish; automatic dishwashing and laundry detergents; laundry bleach; and fabric softeners for domestic use;soap dispensers;fruit juices;
REINHART HERITAGE Reinhart Institutional Foods, Inc. P.O. Box 2859 La Crosse WI 54602 gravies; pancake, bread and bakery goods mixes; catsup and mustard; spices; barbecue, soy, tartar, tomato, teriyaki and worcestershire sauces; vinegar; cocoa mix, coffee and tea; pasta; chocolate, caramel and butterscotch toppings; table syrup; puddings; and sugar;vegetable and salad oils and shortening; salad dressing and mayonnaise; canned, dried and jellied fruit; canned, dried and frozen vegetables; soup; processed meats; namely, frozen beef dinners, taco meat, hash, chili barbecue beef, sausage and bacon; cheese food; peanut butter; fruit toppings; fruit based pie fillings; processed nuts and olives; pickles; canned tuna fish; and nondairy creamer;all purpose disinfectants and insecticides for domestic use;regular and heavy duty all purpose cleaning preparations; regular and heavy duty dish and pot cleaning preparations; regular and heavy duty glass preparations; regular and heavy duty floor cleaning preparations; regular and heavy duty lime solvents; regular and heavy duty degreasing preparations; liquid hand soaps; drain opener; furniture and floor polish; automatic dishwashing and laundry detergents; laundry bleach; fabric softeners for domestic use; and all purpose metal polish;soap dispensers;fruit juices;
SCALA'S ORIGINAL BEST CHICAGO MEAT COMPANY 4649 West Armitage Avenue Chicago IL 60639 [ Gravies; Gravy; Meat gravies; Pasta; Pasta and noodles; Pasta sauce; Pizza sauce; Spaghetti sauce ];The mark consists of the word Scala's in fanciful script with the word Original appearing in block letters in a band below.;[ Beef; Beef patties; Beef slices; Cheese; Meatballs; ] Packaged meats; Pork; [ Prepared beef; Prepared food kits composed of meat, poultry, fish, seafood, and/or vegetables and also including sauces or seasonings, ready for cooking and assembly as a meal; Preserved vegetables (in oil); Processed cheese; ] Processed meat, namely, [ beef and ] pork; [ Processed olives; Processed peppers; Processed pimientos; Processed vegetables; Roast beef; ] Sausages [ ; Sliced meat ];Color is not claimed as a feature of the mark.;ORIGINAL;The stippling is for shading purposes only.;
SCALA'S ORIGINAL Scala's Original Beef & Sausage CompanyLLC 4649 West Armitage Avenue Chicago IL 60639 Gravies; gravy; meat gravies; pasta; pasta and noodles; pasta sauce; pizza sauce; spaghetti sauce;ORIGINAL;
SCORPIO TORRES GAONA, OMAR MANUEL GALEANA NO. 125, CENTRO GUADALAJARA, JALISCO 44100 Mexico [ Gravies; ]Hot chili pepper sauce; Hot sauce; Sauces[ ; Tomato sauce ];
SIMMER N' SERVE PREPARED PRODUCTS COMPANY, INC. 6190 EAST SLAUSON AVENUE LOS ANGELES CA 90040 GRAVIES, SAUCES, SOUPS AND SOUP BASES;
SMARTY PLANTS Golden Platter Foods Inc. 37 Tompkins Point Road Newark NJ 07114 Gravies, pasta sauces, pasta mixes and meals in the nature of packaged meal mixes consisting primarily of pasta, chocolates;
STOCK POT FORTUN FOODS, INC. 6513 132nd Ave NE #394 Kirkland WA 98033 GRAVIES;
TASTE THE POSSIBILITIES Diversified Foods & Seasonings, Inc. 1001 Harimaw Ct E Metairie LA 70001 gravies, sauces, marinades, blended spices, batters and breading;soups, chowders, pre-fried (battered and breaded) foods; namely, shrimp, fish, chicken, beef and vegetables;
TRIPLE R FOODS HOL-N-ONE DONUT CO. OF ARK., INC. 1211 West College Street Fordyce AR 71742 Gravies, spice blends and barbeque seasonings;
WEEBRICK FARMS CHESEBROUGH-POND'S INC. Greenwich CT Gravies;Soups and Salad Dressing;
WHISK IT BRAND Soup Bases Loaded Inc. 9395 Feron Blvd Unit K Rancho Cucamonga CA 91730 Gravies, Sauces, Soups, Salad Dressings, Seasonings;
Y'ALL SEE IT! Saudia Shuler 2836 N 22nd St Philadelphia PA 19132 Gravies; Gravy; Meat gravies;YOU ALL SEE IT!;T-shirts;
 

Where the owner name is not linked, that owner no longer owns the brand

   
Technical Examples
  1. Apparatuses and methods for heating foodstuffs, or other contents sensitive to high heat flux, such as sauces and gravies, without sticking; so that watching and stirring of the foodstuff is not needed during heating. The novel apparatuses and methods provide such heating in a relatively quick time, such as one hour. A pitcher is shown which sets into a heating unit fitted with a heating element below a baffle that shields the bottom of the pitcher from radiant heat and has apertures which cause favorable convective heating which reduces the risk of sticking. The pitcher or pot is easily installed and removed from the heating unit and a close fit is formed in the installed position to retain heat between the pitcher and heating vessel. The methods include inducing a convective heat flow with the baffle and reduced direct radiant heat to reduce or prevent sticking.